Second Arab Spring

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (January 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) This article or section possibly contains synthesis of material which does not verifiably mention or relate to the main topic. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. (January 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

Second Arab Spring
Date	1 January 2018 – present (6 years, 3 months, 3 weeks and 5 days)
Location	Arab League countries in North Africa, Central Africa and Middle East (i.e. MENA)
Caused by	Authoritarianism Energy crisis Human rights violations Inflation Kleptocracy Political corruption Poor basic services Poverty Sectarianism (Lebanon and Iraq) State terrorism Unemployment
Goals	Democracy Economic equality Employment Free elections Human rights Nationalism Regime change Secularism
Methods	Civil resistance Civil war Demonstrations Insurgency Internet activism Labor strike Mutiny Protests Rebellion Riots Self-immolation
Status	Full result by country Tunisia: Repeal of the 2018 budget Sudan: President Omar al-Bashir ousted, arrested, charged, government overthrown. Transitional authority established. Algeria: President Abdelaziz Bouteflika resigns, government overthrown. Presidential elections were delayed until December 2019. Abdelmadjid Tebboune elected as new president. Algerian politics still dominated by the military elite. Gaza and Egypt: Protests suppressed Jordan: Resignation of Hani Mulki's government, Omar Razzaz forms new government and controversial tax bill withdrawn for further discussion. Iraq: Defeat in parliamentary elections of pro-Western Haider al-Abadi and election of pro-Iran government led by Adil Abdul-Mahdi. Abdul-Mahdi's government resigns in November 2019 following protests against Iran's growing influence in Iraqi politics. Mustafa Al-Kadhimi appointed as new prime minister. Early elections held in October 2021 Lebanon: Resignation of Prime Ministers Saad Hariri and Hassan Diab. Najib Mikati appointed as prime minister on 10 September 2021 Syria: Sacking of Prime Minister Imad Khamis.

Part of a series on
Political revolution
By class Bourgeois Communist Counter-revolutionary Democratic Proletarian
By other characteristic Colour From above Nonviolent Passive Permanent Social Wave
Methods Boycott Civil disobedience Civil disorder Civil war Class conflict Coup d'état Demonstration Guerrilla warfare Insurgency Mutiny Nonviolent resistance Protest Rebellion Riot Samizdat Strike action Tax resistance Terror
Examples English Atlantic American Brabant Liège French Haitian Spanish American Serbian Greek 1820 1830 July Belgian Texas 1848 Italian states February German Hungarian Eureka Bulgarian unification Philippine Iranian First Second Young Turk Mexican Chinese Xinhai Communist Cultural 1917–1923 Russian German Siamese Spanish August Guatemalan Hungarian (1956) Cuban Rwandan Nicaraguan Argentine Carnation Saur People Power 1989 Yogurt Velvet Romanian Singing Bolivarian Bulldozer Rose Orange Tulip Kyrgyz Arab Spring Tunisian Egyptian Yemeni Euromaidan Second Arab Spring Sudanese
Politics portal
v t e

The Second Arab Spring is a series of anti-government protests which took place in several Arab world countries from late 2018 onwards.^[1][2]

In Iraq, the deadliest incident of civil unrest since the fall of Saddam Hussein resulted in its Prime Minister being replaced.^[3][4][5] Sustained civil disobedience in Sudan resulted in the overthrow of president Omar al-Bashir in a military coup d'état,^[6] the Khartoum massacre, and the transfer of power from a military junta to a combined military–civilian Sovereignty Council that is legally committed to a 39-month transition to democracy. In Algeria, a series of mass protests resulted in the resignation of president Abdelaziz Bouteflika, and the postponement of the scheduled presidential election. Other protests also took place in Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, and Tunisia, along with economic protests in the Gaza Strip.^{[7][8][9][10][2]}

The alternative names "New Arab Spring" and "Arab Summer" refer as well to similarity with the preceding Arab Spring wave of pro-democracy protests which took place in 2010–2013.^[11] However, in this wave of protests "the similarities and differences suggest more an upgrading than a replay of the Arab Spring."^[12] The wider call for democracy and human rights was replaced by more day-to-day demands, on issues including excessive costs of living and high unemployment rates.^[12]